Broccoli is a member of the cabbage family and is closely related to cauliflower. Its cultivation originated in Italy. Broccolo, its Italian name, means “cabbage sprout.” Because of its different components, broccoli provides a range of tastes and textures, from soft and flowery (the floret) to fibrous and crunchy (the stem and stalk). Broccoli contains glucosinolates, phytochemicals which break down to compounds called indoles and isothiocyanates (such as sulforaphane). Broccoli also contains the carotenoid, lutein. Broccoli is an excellent source of the vitamins K, C, and A, as well as folate and fiber. Broccoli is a very good source of phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and the vitamins B6 and E.

Product Name: Glucoraphanin

Part Used: Flower head/Seed

Active Ingredients: Sulforaphane 

Specification: 0.5%, 1%, 10%, 50%, 90%, 98% 

Appearance: Light-Yellow fine powder

CAS: 4478-93-7

Molecular Formular: C6H11NOS2 

Molecular Mass: 177.29

Extract Method: Water/Enthanol

Test Method: HPLC

Broccoli extract Glucoraphanin function:1. It helps maintain a healthy weight;
2. It improves brain function;
3. It lowers blood pressure;
4. It fights free radicals;
5. It strengthens bones;
6. It repairs skin;
7. It prevents cancer;
8. It strengthens immune systems;
9. It protects eyesight;
10. It may reduce risk of Alzheimer’s disease.  Broccoli extract sulforaphane Application:1. Applied in food field, it is a kind of ideal green food to reduce weight;
2. Applied in health product field, celery can stable mood and eliminate irritable;
3. Applied in pharmaceutical field, to treat rheumatism and gout has good effect.

References:

1.Kmiecik W, Lisiewska Z, Korus A (2007) Retention of mineral constituents in frozen brassicas depending on the method of preliminary processing of the raw material and preparation of frozen products for consumption. Eur Food Res Technol 224:573–579

2.Bhandari S, Kwak J-H (2015) Chemical composition and antioxidant activity in different tissues of Brassica vegetables. Molecules 20:1228–1243

3.Dominguez-Perles R, Mena P, Garcia-Viguera C, Moreno DA (2014) Brassica foods as a dietary source of vitamin C: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci 54:1076–1091

4.Mahn A, Reyes A (2012) An overview of health-promoting compounds of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) and the effect of processing. Food Sci Technol Int 18:503–514

5.Higdon J, Delage B, Williams D, Dashwood R (2007) Cruciferous vegetables and human cancer risk: epidemiologic evidence and mechanistic basis. Pharmacol Res 55:224–236

6.Jeffery EH, Araya M (2009) Physiological effects of broccoli consumption. Phytochem Rev 8:283–298

7.Sønderby IE, Geu-Flores F, Halkier BA (2010) Biosynthesis of glucosinolates – gene discovery and beyond. Trends Plant Sci 15:283–290

8.Clarke DB (2010) Glucosinolates, structures and analysis in food. Anal Methods-UK 2:310–325

9.Wittstock U, Burow M (2010) Glucosinolate breakdown in Arabidopsis: mechanism, regulation and biological significance. Arabidopsis Book 8, e0134

10.Slominski BA, Campbell LD, Stanger NE (1987) Influence of cecectomy and dietary antibiotics on the fate of ingested intact glucosinolates in poultry. Can J Anim Sci 67:1117–1124

11.Elfoul L, Rabot S, Khelifa N, Quinsac A, Duguay A, Rimbault A (2001) Formation of allyl isothiocyanate from sinigrin in the digestive tract of rats monoassociated with a human colonic strain of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. FEMS Microbiol Lett 197:99–103

12.Maskell I, Smithard R (1994) Degradation of glucosinolates during in vitro incubations of rapeseed meal with myrosinase (EC 3.2.3.1) and with pepsin (EC 3.4.23.1)-hydrochloric acid, and contents of porcine small intestine and caecum. Brit J Nutr 72:455–466

13.Mullaney JA, Kelly WJ, McGhie TK, Ansell J, Heyes JA (2013) Lactic acid bacteria convert glucosinolates to nitriles efficiently yet differently from enterobacteriaceae. J Agr Food Chem 61:3039–3046

14.Rabot S, Nugonbaudon L, Raibaud P, Szylit O (1993) Rapeseed meal toxicity in gnotobiotic rats: influence of a whole human faecal flora or single human strains of Escherichia coli and Bacteroides vulgatus. Brit J Nutr 70:323–331

15.Abdull Razis AF, Noor NM (2013) Cruciferous vegetables: dietary phytochemicals for cancer prevention. Asian Pac J Cancer P 14:1565–1570

16.Grubb CD, Abel S (2006) Glucosinolate metabolism and its control. Trends Plant Sci 11:89–100

17.Halkier BA, Gershenzon J (2006) Biology and biochemistry of glucosinolates. Annu Rev Plant Biol 57:303–333

18.Wittstock U, Halkier BA (2002) Glucosinolate research in the Arabidopsis era. Trends Plant Sci 7:263–270

19.Mikkelsen MD, Petersen BL, Olsen CE, Halkier BA (2002) Biosynthesis and metabolic engineering of glucosinolates. Amino Acids 22:279–295

20.Schuster J, Knill T, Reichelt M, Gershenzon J, Binder S (2006) Branched-chain aminotransferase4 is part of the chain elongation pathway in the biosynthesis of methionine-derived glucosinolates in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 18:2664–2679

21.Gigolashvili T, Yatusevich R, Rollwitz I, Humphry M, Gershenzon J, Flügge U-I (2009) The plastidic bile acid transporter 5 is required for the biosynthesis of methionine-derived glucosinolates in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell 21:1813–1829

22.Kroymann J, Textor S, Tokuhisa JG, Falk KL, Bartram S, Gershenzon J, Mitchell-Olds T (2001) A gene controlling variation in arabidopsis glucosinolate composition is part of the methionine chain elongation pathway. Plant Physiol 127:1077–1088

23.Textor S, de Kraker J-W, Hause B, Gershenzon J, Tokuhisa JG (2007) MAM3 catalyzes the formation of all aliphatic glucosinolate chain lengths in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 144:60–71

24.Knill T, Reichelt M, Paetz C, Gershenzon J, Binder S (2009) Arabidopsis thaliana encodes a bacterial-type heterodimeric isopropylmalate isomerase involved in both Leu biosynthesis and the Met chain elongation pathway of glucosinolate formation. Plant Mol Biol 71:227–239

25.Knill T, Schuster J, Reichelt M, Gershenzon J, Binder S (2008) Arabidopsis branched-chain aminotransferase 3 functions in both amino acid and glucosinolate biosynthesis. Plant Physiol 146:1028–1039

26.He Y, Mawhinney TP, Preuss ML, Schroeder AC, Chen B, Abraham L, Jez JM, Chen S (2009) A redox-active isopropylmalate dehydrogenase functions in the biosynthesis of glucosinolates and leucine in Arabidopsis. Plant J 60:679–690

27.Hull AK, Vij R, Celenza JL (2000) Arabidopsis cytochrome P450s that catalyze the first step of tryptophan-dependent indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97:2379–2384

28.Mikkelsen MD, Hansen CH, Wittstock U, Halkier BA (2000) Cytochrome P450 CYP79B2 from Arabidopsis catalyzes the conversion of tryptophan to indole-3-acetaldoxime, a precursor of indole glucosinolates and indole-3-acetic acid. J Biol Chem 275:33712–33717

29.Chen S, Glawischnig E, Jørgensen K et al (2003) CYP79F1 and CYP79F2 have distinct functions in the biosynthesis of aliphatic glucosinolates in Arabidopsis. Plant J 33:923–937

30.Hansen CH, Wittstock U, Olsen CE, Hick AJ, Pickett JA, Halkier BA (2001) Cytochrome P450 CYP79F1 from Arabidopsis catalyzes the conversion of dihomomethionine and trihomomethionine to the corresponding aldoximes in the biosynthesis of aliphatic glucosinolates. J Biol Chem 276:11078–11085